What Are Tear Stains?
Tear stains are the reddish-brown discoloration you see beneath many dogs' eyes. They're caused by a compound called porphyrin, which is naturally present in tears, saliva, and urine. When tears overflow onto the fur and are exposed to air and sunlight, the porphyrins oxidize and create that distinctive stain.
Why Some Dogs Get Them More Than Others
Breed Predisposition
Breeds with shallow eye sockets, prominent eyes, or short muzzles are most prone:
- Maltese
- Shih Tzu
- Bichon Frise
- Poodles (all sizes)
- Bulldogs (English and French)
- Pugs
- Cavalier King Charles Spaniels
- Cocker Spaniels
Other Causes
- Blocked tear ducts — Prevents normal tear drainage
- Allergies — Environmental or food allergies increase tear production
- Teething — Puppies often tear more during teething (temporary)
- Ear infections — Can cause increased tearing on the affected side
- Water quality — High mineral content in tap water may worsen staining
- Diet — Some food additives and dyes contribute to staining
Home Cleaning Methods
Daily Wipe
- Use a soft, damp cloth or unscented baby wipe
- Gently wipe under each eye, moving away from the eye
- Pat dry — moisture left on fur encourages more staining
- Do this every morning for best results
Saline Solution
- Mix 1 teaspoon of salt in 1 cup of distilled water
- Apply with a cotton ball
- Gently clean the stained area
- Do not get solution in the eye
Coconut Oil
- Apply a tiny amount of virgin coconut oil to the stained area
- It acts as a barrier against moisture and has mild antibacterial properties
- Use sparingly to avoid greasy buildup
Cornstarch Method
- Dust a small amount of cornstarch under the eyes after cleaning
- It absorbs moisture and helps prevent new staining
- Brush off excess to prevent clumping
What to Avoid
- Hydrogen peroxide — Too harsh for the delicate eye area
- Bleach-based products — Dangerous near eyes
- Apple cider vinegar applied topically — Can irritate skin and eyes
- Unregulated "tear stain removers" — Some contain tylosin (an antibiotic) which shouldn't be used without veterinary supervision
Long-Term Prevention
- Switch to filtered or distilled water — Reduces mineral intake
- Use stainless steel or ceramic bowls — Plastic bowls can harbor bacteria
- Address allergies — Work with your vet to identify and manage allergens
- Keep facial hair trimmed — Shorter hair around the eyes holds less moisture
- Regular professional grooming — We can do detailed face trims that help
When to See the Vet
Consult your veterinarian if:
- Tear staining appears suddenly in an adult dog
- The discharge is yellow, green, or thick (signs of infection)
- Your dog is pawing at their eyes or squinting
- There's swelling around the eyes
- Staining appears on only one side